Questions: Questions about …

Question: What does organizing in management involve?

Answer:

Organizing involves following:-
1. Identification and Classification of Required Activities
2. Grouping of Activities to Obtain Objectives
3. Assignment of a manager to each group with the authority
4. Provision for Coordination horizontally and vertically

1. Identification and Classification of Required Activities
Activities, or business processes are set of interrelated activities which take business inputs, transform them to outputs by consuming, adding values. This process of transformation is affected by controls (policies, procedures, regulations etc) and realized by means of resources available (human resources, equipment, capital etc). In modern businesses, we have thousands of activities. The first step in organizing is to identify and classify required activities to achieve organizational objectives set in the planning function of management. A wise manager will start first with key activities.

2. Grouping of Activities to Obtain Objectives

Similar activities are grouped in this step. After grouping, we have activities as such production activities, design activities, marketing activities, sales activities, financial activities etc. When grouping the activities, the contribution of a certain activity toward the achievement of organizational objectives and significance, and interrelations with other activities are considered.

3. Assignment of a manager to each group with the authority
A specific management level is assigned for every group of activity from first-level, middle level, and top level management. Then an appropriate manager style is assigned for each group. Please note that at this step there is no human resource assignment. We only assign the manager as a styleship to effectively and efficiently manage a certain group of activity.

4. Provision for Coordination horizontally and vertically
At the last step, the relationships as horizontal and vertical are defined between different activity groups. The responsibilities, delegations, authorities should be well defined in this step.

Basic Question about SEO (Search Engine Optimization)

If you are looking to increase your websites presense on the internet you should answer the question of SEO (Search Engine Optimization), so let us begin with this broken down introduction to SEO.

In the current age having your site online is only one step towards making your mark on the internet, it’s incredibly easy to get online but once you get online you will probably encounter a common dilemma, where are the visitors?

Undoubtedly you have joined the many millions of websites that fall into the abyss of the search engine’s, if you are fortunate to get listed by them at all. You may not think search engine positioning affects you but if you own or operate a website, it does. If you any ambitions for your website then you have to cater for this increasingly important webmaster role.Search engine optimization is more than making your site rank well in the major search engines, it’s about integrating it seamlessly into your page design without your visitors even being aware exists. SEO is an on going task that all webmasters need to undertake in order to keep reasonable positioning within search engines and recieve the subsequent traffic it brings. A common mistake many people make is to optimize their site once and believe that they can hold a rank, this might be true for some obscure key words but there is so much information flowing around the internet that there will always be someone willing to take your site on for rankings. It is important to remember the complex algorithms search engines use to determine your position calculate thousands of different factors, you cannot rely on one to keep ahead of the game. SEO Assistance will bring you an indepth view into the world of search engine positioning, we have broken it down into easily digestible sections so you can move your site up inch by inch. One downside to keeping your website in the public eye is that it requires a constant effort but if you are planning to sell a product or keep your website active, it is definitely worth it.

Article by www.SEOAssistance.com

Question: What is Lean Production or Lean Manufacturing?

Answer: Lean production or Lean Manufacturing is a management philosophy focusing on reduction of the seven wastes.

• Over-production
• Processing
• Transportation
• Waiting time
• Inventory
• Motion
• Scrap in manufactured products or any type of business.

By eliminating waste (muda *), quality is improved, production time and costs are reduced.To solve the problem of waste, Lean Manufacturing has several “tools” at its disposal. These include constant process analysis (kaizen), “pull” production (by means of kanban) and mistake-proofing (poka-yoke).

Question on Types of waste
Toyota defined seven categories or types of waste.

1. Overproduction (making more than what is needed, or making it earlier than needed)
2. Transportation (moving products farther than is minimally required)
3. Waiting (products waiting on the next production step, or people waiting for work to do)
4. Inventory (having more inventory than is minimally required)
5. Motion (people moving or walking more than minimally required)
6. Processing itself
7. Defects (the effort involved in inspecting for and fixing defects)

These terms are important to understand lean manufacturing.

*Muda means Waste in Japanese and very important to understand Lean Production Methodology

Question: What is Production Planning?

Manufacturing planning and control entails the acquisition and allocation of limited resources to production activities so as to satisfy customer demand over a specified time horizon. As such, planning and control problems are inherently optimization problems, where the objective is to develop a plan that meets demand at minimum cost or that fills the demand that maximizes profit. The underlying optimization problem will vary due to differences in the manufacturing and market context. This chapter provides a framework for discrete-parts manufacturing planning and control and provides an overview of applicable model formulations.